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Brushless DC Motors

Explanation of Size and Winding Parameters

  • Continuous Torque - The motor is capable of developing this torque on a continuous basis with no heat sinking from the stator mounting mechanics. The motor will reach 135C at room temperature (approximately 185 C at 71 C ambient) under these conditions. In actual applications, there is large heat sinking available from the stator mounting allowing higher continuous torque ratings. This rating is therefore very conservative.
  • Peak Torque - A torque 2.5 times the continuous ratings. The motors can achieve these levels for short periods with no heat sinking from the stator mounting mechanics. The wire current handling capability and the magnetic saturation of the steel have all been considered in this rating.
  • Peak Power - The Peak current squared times the motor resistance at 20 C.
  • Km - Motor Constant - A figure of merit which characterizes the size of a motor with respect to the amount of torque vs amount of power available. It is mathematically the peak torque divided by the square root of peak power or it is the torque constant (Kt) divided by the square root of motor resistance (R).
  • Theoretical No Load Speed - The speed at which the motor will operate when Voltage Peak Torque is applied to the motor with no external motor load applied. There are magnetic and bearing drags which will cause the motor to run a bit lower than this published figure.
  • Temp Rise Per Watt - The TRPW values are experimentally arrived at and are the results of a stable temperature rise due to a steady power dissipated in one phase of the motor while suspended in air with no forced air cooling or conductive paths. This therefore represents the worst case scenario and in actual applications will be less than the published values.
  • Poles - The number of poles has been chosen to keep the circular magnetic paths of each motor the same regardless of motor diameter. This standardizes the thickness of back irons and ensures a good sinusoidal BEMF wave-form.
  • Cog Torque - The motors cogging torque is zero due to the absence of lamination teeth and the uniformity of the magnetic paths with respect to angle. There is some drag torque associated with magnetic hysteresis and viscous damping associated with all PM motors brush or brushless.
  • Inertia - The moment of inertia about the axis of rotation. Multiply by 0.00706 to convert to Kgm-m2.
  • Weight - The weight of the combined rotor and stator without leads.
  • Voltage Peak Torque - The nominal voltage required to generate the peak torque when the winding temperature is 20 C. It is nominally Peak current time R. Since the motor torque is proportional to current, as the motor heats the resistance increases causing the current to drop for a constant voltage source. This should be considered in designing the drive system.
  • Peak current - The current required to generate the Peak Torque of the motor. It is Peak voltage divided by motor resistance at 20C.
  • Kt - Torque Constant - The amount of torque developed for a given
    current. It is true-independent of motor speed.
  • R - Motor resistance - The 20C resistance of each phase of the motor.

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